Material certificate

That the material is what was specified, traceable to a heat or batch

Heat treatment record

That the treatment ran, and to what specification

First article report

That one part matches the drawing, dimension by dimension

Datum statement

Which feature the measurements were taken from

Inspection record

That a defined sample was measured against a written method

Surface finish record

That the finish was measured rather than judged by eye

Revision statement

Which drawing revision the batch was made to

Packing record

How the batch was packed, and what it was packed in

An illustrative list for a fictional range. A real programme agrees which documents are required, in what form, and how long they are retained.

The one that is most often missing.

The datum statement. A report that lists measurements without saying what they were taken from cannot be checked by anyone else, and two correct reports can appear to disagree.

Retention is part of the specification.

A record destroyed after a year is a record that will not exist when the question is asked, and the question is usually asked years later.